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--- introduction:non-volatile_memory [2024/10/29 20:13] – [MRAM] ibchadmin
+++ introduction:non-volatile_memory [2024/10/30 13:28] (current) – [Non-volatile Memory] ibchadmin
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ====== Non-volatile Memory ======
-Intermittent computing, by its very nature, requires non-volatile memory to store data between outages.  However, many typical non-volatile options (such as NAND) are infeasible for a variety of reasons (such as write limitations[(https://par.nsf.gov/servlets/purl/10290896)]).  As a result, most research and development has focused on a few specialized forms of non-volatile memory.
+Intermittent computing, by its very nature, requires non-volatile memory to store data between outages.  However, many typical non-volatile options (such as NAND) are infeasible for a variety of reasons (such as write limitations[(https://par.nsf.gov/servlets/purl/10290896)]).  As a result, most research and development of intermittent circuits has focused on a few specialized forms of non-volatile memory that are both suitable for intermittent operations and commercially available.
 ===== FRAM =====
-Most common in [[microcontrollers:msp430|MSP430]] microcontrollers.
+Compared to typical flash memory FRAM boasts better power characteristics and write speed, but at the cost of storage capacity.  Commonly found on [[microcontrollers:MSP430]] microcontrollers.
-==== MRAM ====
+===== MRAM =====
-Present on the [[https://ambiq.com/apollo4/|Apollo4]].  Unlike most forms of RAM, MRAM stores data using magnetized bits, rather than through electrical charge or current.  The primary disadvantage of this memory type is vulnerability to write errors, necessitating a higher current than is strictly required to reduce errors from occurring (though this can potentially be taken advantage of to reduce energy consumption, depending on the tolerance of the application to errors[(https://arxiv.org/pdf/2403.07517)]).
+Unlike most forms of RAM, MRAM stores data using magnetized bits, rather than through electrical charge or current.  The primary disadvantage of this memory type is vulnerability to write errors, necessitating a higher current than is strictly required to reduce errors from occurring (though this can potentially be taken advantage of to reduce energy consumption, depending on the tolerance of the application to errors[(https://arxiv.org/pdf/2403.07517)]).  Some [[microcontrollers:Apollo4]] microcontrollers use MRAM for non-volatile storage.
 ===== References =====
 ~~REFNOTES~~